Changes in brain structural volume and white matter abnormalities in young perinatally-acquired HIV infected children treated with antiretroviral therapy

Authors

  • Netsiri Dumrongpisutikul Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Kultida Chaiyagool King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand and Hatyai Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand

Keywords:

Antiretroviral therapy, brain volume, children, HIV, MRI

Abstract

Background: Several studies have reported human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) effects on brain volume and found white matter signal abnormality (WMSA) on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Objective: To evaluate brain volume and WMSA of antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated perinatally-acquired HIV infected (PHIV) young children.

Methods: From November 2016 to March 2018, MRI of 19 ART-treated PHIV young children, aged 12 - 56 months, were analyzed for structural brain volume using FreeSurfer software with manual correction. WMSA were classified into 4 grades. Comparison between the brain volumes and WMSA between early and late ART-treated groups as well as changes of the brain volumes after 1-year follow-up were investigated. The correlations between MRI data and neurodevelopment were explored.

Results: Mean differences of total intracranial volume (TICV), total brain volume (TBV), and cerebral WM volume were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the early ART-treated group after 1-year follow-up. WMSA was seen in most patients (n = 16, 79.0%). The positive correlations of higher severity of WMSA with very early age at start of ART and with lower early learning composite (ELC) scores were found.

Conclusion: Brain volume in the early ART-treated PHIV group tends to grow more after 1-year follow-up. A higher severity degree of WMSA was significantly associated with very early ART treatment and poorer neurodevelopment.

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Published

2023-07-18

How to Cite

1.
Dumrongpisutikul N, Chaiyagool K. Changes in brain structural volume and white matter abnormalities in young perinatally-acquired HIV infected children treated with antiretroviral therapy. Chula Med J [Internet]. 2023 Jul. 18 [cited 2024 Oct. 12];66(4). Available from: https://he05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/CMJ/article/view/107