Preparation and characterization of demineralized bone matrix/chitosan composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Authors

  • Panudda Dechwongya Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand and Faculty of Pharmacy, Payap University, Chiangmai, Thailand
  • Korbtham Sathirakul Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Baldur Kristjánsson Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
  • Suwabun Chirachanchai The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Sittisak Honsawek Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand

Keywords:

Chitosan, demineralized bone matrix, human periosteal cells, scaffolds

Abstract

Background: A propitious alternative to supply bone substitutes is to develop living tissue substitutes based on biodegradable materials. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) can support and promote osteogenesis; scaffold is also attractive for use in bone tissue engineering. Chitosan scaffold has been shown to possess biological and mechanical properties suitable for tissue engineering and clinical applications.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a novel DBM/chitosan composite scaffold and to investigate whether or not it has the ability to support the attachment and proliferation of human periosteal cells in vitro for bone tissue engineering.

Methods: Chitosan and DBM/chitosan scaffolds (ratios 1:1 and 1:2) were fabricated with a low-cost, freeze-drying technique via thermally induced phase separation. The microstructure, mechanical performance, and biological activity of the scaffolds were studied. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to monitor the surface variation of chitosan and DBM/chitosan porous scaffolds.

Results: Both scaffolds had porosities and pore sizes between 80 and 250 microns. The compressive modulus of DBM/chitosan composite scaffolds was significantly higher than chitosan scaffolds. Growth of cells on 1:1 and 1:2 DBM/chitosan scaffolds had similar patterns throughout the cell-culture period and was significantly higher than that on chitosan scaffold on culture-day 14. The DBM/chitosan scaffolds have been developed with adequate pore structure and mechanical properties to serve as a support for periosteal cell growth.

Conclusion: DBM/chitosan composite scaffolds have mechanical properties and porosity sufficient to support ingrowth of new bone tissue. Cell attachment and proliferation findings indicate that DBM/chitosan composite scaffolds may be used as promising materials for bone tissue engineering application.

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Published

2023-08-15

How to Cite

1.
Dechwongya P, Sathirakul K, Kristjánsson B, Chirachanchai S, Honsawek S. Preparation and characterization of demineralized bone matrix/chitosan composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Chula Med J [Internet]. 2023 Aug. 15 [cited 2024 Dec. 22];63(2). Available from: https://he05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/CMJ/article/view/289

Issue

Vol. 63 No. 2 (2019): Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

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Original Articles

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