Prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, 2019–2023

Napawan  Punakabutra; Thanittha  Wongkeskij; Noppon  Wuthinantiwong; Tanittha  Chatsuwan

Authors

Napawan Punakabutra King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Redcross Society
Thanittha Wongkeskij King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Redcross Society
Noppon Wuthinantiwong King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Redcross Society
Tanittha Chatsuwan Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Keywords:

Carbapenem resistance, carbapenems, Klebsiella pneumoniae

Abstract

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-KP) poses a significant threat to public health worldwide as it contributes to high morbidity and mortality rates.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of CR-KP isolated at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, from April 2019 to December 2023, focusing on its distribution across various hospital units, including in-patient department (IPD), out-patient department (OPD), emergency room (ER), and intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: A total of 8,983 K. pneumoniae isolates from patients aged > 15 years at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital between April 2019 and December 2023 were studied. Antimicrobial susceptibility to carbapenems was analyzed using the chi-square test.

Results: The annual prevalence of CR-KP from 2019 to 2023 was 15.2%, 11.7%, 19.8%, 29.0%, and 25.2%, respectively. The ICU had the highest prevalence of CR-KP, followed by IPD and OPD. The resistance rates in the OPD increased 3.5–4.0-fold between 2019 and 2023, whereas the ICU and IPD rates increased 1.5–2.0- fold during the same period. Significant differences in the prevalence of CR-KP were observed across the various units and years (P < 0.01). Amikacin exhibited the highest susceptibility (90.4%–96.1%).

Conclusion: The prevalence of CR-KP has increased significantly at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, particularly in the ICU. There are significant differences in resistance across the different hospital units over time, thus emphasizing the need for enhanced infection control and antimicrobial monitoring.

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