Organs at risk receiving therapeutic doses during prostate cancer treatment using intensity modulated and threedimensional conformal radiotherapies: a comparative study

Talib  Abdulwahid; Hussien  Mraity; Mustafa  Al-Aseebee; Zeyad  Al-Dulaimi; Ali  Abid Abojassim

Authors

Talib Abdulwahid Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq
Hussien Mraity Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq
Mustafa Al-Aseebee Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq and Middle Euphrates Cancer Center, Al-Najaf, Iraq
Zeyad Al-Dulaimi The Islamic University, College of Medical Technology, Radiology Techniques Department, Al-Najaf, Iraq
Ali Abid Abojassim Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq

Keywords:

CT scans, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, organs at risk (OAR) dose, radiotherapy, three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy

Abstract

Background: The radiotherapy domain imposes undesired risks of radiation exposure to normal tissues surrounding the tumor. To address this issue, treatment planning systems are being developed to obtain a perfect therapeutic method, as the organs surrounding prostate tumors are sensitive to high doses of radiation.

Objective: This study compared the efficiencies of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) techniques and calculated the radiation dose that actually reaches specific organs in prostate cancer patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study, from Najaf, Iraq, involved 25 prostate tumor patients who were enrolled for treatment. They underwent computerized tomography (CT) scans, 3D-CRT using X-ray beams, and IMRTs. 3DCRT enhanced protection ability. All doses applied to the organs at risk were within the tolerance limits. An ethical pre-approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board, No. MEC-87.

Results: IMRT better protected most radiation-sensitive normal tissues, while other organs also require shielding, depending on the patient’s status.

Conclusion: IMRT better protects most normal tissues, i.e., right and left femoral heads, and bladder, while 3DCRT better safeguards other organs, such as the rectum, depending on the patient’s status.

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