Factors associated with 1-year mortality of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital

Abstract

Objective : This study was conducted to investigate predictors of mortality after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Design : Retrospective study

Setting : King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital.

Methods : Retrospective single-institutional data on risk factors and mortality were collected from 196 patients who underwent isolated CABG by the same group of surgeons from November 2007-October 2008. The relationship between risk factors and outcome was assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results : The mean age of the patients (30.1% women and 69.9% men) was 61.1 +/- 9 years. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity factor (82.7%), followed by diabetes mellitus, smoking habit, stroke, renal impairment, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Postoperative atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia were the two most common complications (21.4%). The patients were followed up for 12 months. The operative mortality was 11.7% (23/196) in the patients undergoing CABG. The univariate analysis identified 14 preoperative and 8 postoperative risks which were significantly correlated with operative mortality. Stepwise multivariate analysis of our perioperative risk revealed that the predictors of operative mortality were male gender, length of hospital stay, preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump, duration of mechanical ventilatory support, postoperative neurological complications, and wound infection.

Conclusion : We conclude that coronary artery bypass grafting surgery should be performed in carefully selected patients, and prevention of postoperative complications is mandatory to reduce mortality.