Prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression in liver cirrhosis at outpatient clinic
Keywords:
Prevalence, factors, anxiety, depression, cirrhosisAbstract
Background: Liver cirrhosis is one of the chronic medical conditions which frequently leads to psychiatric comorbidities including depression and anxiety disorder.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression in patients with liver cirrhosis in outpatient clinic.
Methods: Patients with liver cirrhosis aged from 18 years and above, excluded active liver malignancy, were recruited from liver clinic at outpatient of department of medicine. Anxiety and depression were identified using Thai Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (THAI-HADS). Descriptive statistic was applied to estimate prevalence of anxiety and depression and factors associated with each condition was analyzed by logistic regression analysis.
Results: Of 108 subjects, 53.7% were female with mean age approximately 60 years. Totally, 55.5% of the subjects had compensated cirrhosis and the most common etiology was hepatitis C virus (33.3%). The prevalence of anxiety was 10.2% and depression was 11.1%. The predictive factors for anxiety were being male (OR = 11.3, P = 0.01), having compensated liver cirrhosis (OR = 5.9, P = 0.045), having poor social support (OR = 3.9, P = 0.047) and having three or more of physical symptoms (OR = 9.6, P = 0.007). With regard to depression, the predictors were being male (OR = 6.4, P = 0.024), having poor social support (OR = 5.6, P = 0.025) and having three or more of physical symptoms (OR = 5.2, P = 0.026).
Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with liver cirrhosis at outpatient clinic was approximately 10.0%. The predictive factors for those psychiatric conditions were being male, having poor social support and having numbers of physical symptoms. In addition, having compensated liver cirrhosis was also a risk factor for anxiety.
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