The efficacy of dermal extracted – bone powder scaffold on the healing of rat ‘s calvarial bone defects.

Abstract

Background : The bone substitute materials are expensive and imported.

Objective : This study aimed to study the properties of the human dermalextracted solution mixed with bone powder shaped into scaffold on the healing of rat’s calvarial bone defects which are determined by radiopaque area in computed tomography (CT scan) and new bone formation in histological study.

Design : Experimental study.

Materials and Methods : Dermal-extracted solution, dermal-extracted solution mixed with bone powder, bovine collagen type I, and bovine collagen type I mixed with bone powder were structured into scaffolds and embedded into 24 female rats, aged between 12 - 14 weeks, Wistar rats’ calvarial bone defects. The rats were divided into 6 groups according to the tested material which were dermalextracted solution, dermal-extracted solution mixed with bone powder, bovine collagen type I, bovine collagen type I mixed with bone powder commercial collagen product (CollaPlug®) and sham group. The rats were sacrificed 12 weeks after embedded. The calvarial bone defects were cut and examined with CT scan and histological study.

Setting : Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University.

Results : CT scans showed no statistical differences in both periphery and center of bone defects between dermal-extracted solution and dermal-extracted solution with bone powder (peripheral p = 0.429, central p = 0.143.) However, from histological study, the bone formation of dermal-extracted solution group was significantly more than the other groups except the dermalextracted solution mixed with bone powder. The bone formation of dermal-extracted solution group was not statistically different from the dermal-extracted solution mixed with bone powder group. No complete bone bridge was found in any defects.

Conclusion : Scaffolds from dermal-extracted solution and Dermal-extracted solution mixed with bone powder both have osteoinductive property. However, bone powder did not improve the property of scaffolds.