Factors affecting preterm birth of pregnant women at Aranyaprathet Hospital
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Abstract
Introduction: Preterm birth is an important public health problem in Thailand. It is a major of death in newborns. Globally, more than one per 10 babies are born prematurely, and approximately 15 million (11 percent) are born before 37 weeks of age, which reduces the quality of life for both infants and mothers. Therefore, this research is extremely important. To help protect and reduce risk factors that cause premature birth in pregnant women receiving treatment at Aranyaprathet Hospital.
Objectives: To study factors affecting premature birth in pregnant women at Aranyaprathet Hospital.
Methods: Data were collected on 185 pregnant women who gave birth prematurely and 185 who gave birth at full term, totaling 370 women who received treatment at Aranyaprathet Hospital. Data was collected from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2023.
Results: From baseline characteristic it was found that the median age of the premature birth group was 28 years, 6 percent had diabetes mellitus, and the median body mass index was 22.2 kg/m2. Blood concentration levels of both hemoglobin and hematocrit in premature birth group, the values were lower than those in the full-term birth group. Pregnant women with a bachelor’s degree or higher have a 2.51 times greater chance of giving birth prematurely. Pregnant women with a history of high blood pressure have a 6.17 times greater risk of giving birth prematurely [aOR: 6.17 (95%CI : 1.19-32.11), P-value = 0.03]. Pregnant women with a history of previous preterm birth have a 7.49 times higher risk of preterm birth [aOR: 7.49 (95%CI : 2.36-23.75), P-value = 0.03]. As for prenatal care less than 8 times, the risk of premature birth is 7.49 times [aOR: 7.49 (95%CI : 2.36-23.75), P-value <0.001]. Complication of diabetes during pregnancy have a higher risk of 2.62 times more likely to be born prematurely [aOR: 2.62 (95%CI : 1.61-4.26), P-value = 0.002] and infections during pregnancy such as hepatitis B infection, vaginitis, cystitis and COVID-19 infection have a 24.65 times greater risk of premature birth [aOR: 24.65 (95%CI : 3.19-190.53), P-value = 0.002]
Conclusion: Factors affecting premature birth from this research include women who have completed a bachelor’s degree, History of previous premature birth, underlying disease is high blood pressure. gestational diabetes, number of prenatal care visits less than 8 times and infection during pregnancy.
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