MRI of cranial nerve enhancement: King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH) case series

Authors

  • Supak Chutiphaijit King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Sasitorn Petcharunpaisan King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand

Keywords:

Abnormal enhancement of cranial nerves (CNs), 3-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted image (T1WI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Abstract

Abnormal enhancement of cranial nerves (CNs) can be observed in a variety of disease. We present eight cases of cranial nerve (CN) enhancement, including inflammatory process, hematologic malignancy, perineural spreading of extracranial tumor, cerebrospinal fluid seeding of high grade primary brain tumor, demyelination and post radiation change. Based on our case series, the findings cover board differential diagnoses. The use of contrast enhanced 3-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted image (T1WI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and reasonable MRI sequences can increase conspicuity of the finding. Furthermore, incorporating underlying disease, clinical duration, and associated intracranial / extracranial findings may help narrow the probable etiologies.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Osborn AG, Hedlund GL, Salzman KL. Brain imaging, pathology, and anatomy. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017.

Saremi F, Helmy M, Farzin S, Zee CS, Go JL. MRI of cranial nerve enhancement. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005;185:1487-97. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.04.1518

Grisold W, Grisold A, Marosi C, Meng S, Briani C. Neuropathies associated with lymphoma. Neurooncol Pract 2015;2:167-78. https://doi.org/10.1093/nop/npv025

Grisold W, Grisold A, Briani C, Meng S. Lymphoma and the cranial nerves. Clin Oncol 2017;2:1-3.

Kirsch CFE, Schmalfuss IM. Practical tips for MR imaging of perineural tumor spread. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2018;26:85-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mric.2017.08.006

Groves MD. Leptomeningeal disease. Neurosurg Clin NAm 2011;22:67-78.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nec.2010.08.006

Mabray MC, Glastonbury CM, Mamlouk MD, Punch GE, Solomon DA, Cha S. Direct cranial nerve involvement by gliomas: Case series and review of the literature. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015;36:1349-54.

https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A4287

Lee EK, Lee EJ, Kim MS, Park HJ, Park NH, Park S 2nd, et al. Intracranial metastases: spectrum of MR imaging findings. Acta Radiol 2012;53:1173-85. https://doi.org/10.1258/ar.2012.120291

Petcharunpaisan S, Lerdlum S. A case of Miller-Fisher syndrome with multiple cranial nerves enhancement on MRI. Chula Med J 2010;54:369 - 73.

Lolekha P, Phanthumchinda K. Miller-Fisher syndrome at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. J Med Assoc Thai 2009;92:471-7.

San-Juan OD, Martinez-Herrera JF, Garcia JM, Gonzalez-Aragon MF, Del Castillo-Calcaneo Jde D, Perez-Neri I. Miller fisher syndrome: 10 years' experience in a third-level center. Eur Neurol 2009;62:149-54.

https://doi.org/10.1159/000226599

Muniz AE. Multiple cranial nerve neuropathies, ataxia and, areflexia: Miller Fisher syndrome in a child and review. Am J Emerg Med 2017;35:661.e1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2016.07.042

Waddy HM, Misra VP, King RH, Thomas PK, Middleton L, Ormerod IE. Focal cranial nerve involvement in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: clinical and MRI evidence of peripheral and central lesions. J Neurol 1989;236:400-5. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00314898

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018Apr 13]. Available from: https://www.ninds.nih.gov/ Disorders/AllDisorders/Chronic-Inflammatory- DemyelinatingPolyneuropathy-CIDP-Information- Page.

Spataro R, La Bella V. Long-lasting cranial nerve III palsy as a presenting feature of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Case Rep Med 2015;2015: 769429

https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/769429

Casselman J, Mermuys K, Delanote J, Ghekiere J, Coenegrachts K. MRI of the cranial nerves-more than meets the eye: technical considerations and advanced anatomy. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2008;18:197-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nic.2008.02.002

Downloads

Published

2023-08-15

How to Cite

1.
Chutiphaijit S, Petcharunpaisan S. MRI of cranial nerve enhancement: King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH) case series. Chula Med J [Internet]. 2023 Aug. 15 [cited 2024 Oct. 12];63(2). Available from: https://he05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/CMJ/article/view/290