Factors Affecting Perception Towards the “30-Bath Healthcare for All with One ID Card Policy” in Takua Pa District Phang-nga Province

Abstract

This cross-sectional quantitative survey approach research aimed to investigate the factors influencing public perception towards the “30-Baht Healthcare for All with One ID Card” Policy” policy (ONEID) among residents in Takua Pa District, Phang Nga Province. The sample consisted of 426 participants with universal health insurance rights. aged 15 to 70 years, selected through stratified and simple random sampling methods. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The findings revealed that:

1. The overall perception level towards the ONEID policy was moderate (M = 2.62 , SD = 1.22 ). The highest perceived activity was identity verification at service points, while the lowest was the use of Telehealth services.

2. The influencing factors were found to be education level (especially bachelor's degree or higher), monthly healthcare expenses, and the belief that the policy reduces financial burdens. Personal experience using ONEID services had the strongest correlation with perception (r = 0.169, p-value < .01).

3. The other significant factors included access to information via medical personnel and mass media, as well as support from family and community networks. The study supports Perception Theory, which posits that perception is shaped by individual expectations, past experiences, and social context.

The recommendations from this findings suggested that enhancing communication strategies, strengthening local health networks, and increasing public engagement can improve policy perception and utilization.