Nursing care of patients with acute renal failure and end-stage renal failure who need to undergo dialysis by machine Urgent hemodialysis: Case study 2 case

Abstract

Hemodialysis is a needed treatment in patients with renal failure. Patients undergo hemodialysis may develop complications. In the fiscal year 2021, a hemodialysis unit of a general hospital treated 34 renal failure patients with a total of 169 dialysis sessions, and in the fiscal year 2022, from October 2021 to June 2022, 59 patients were treated with a total of 190 hemodialysis sessions. The number of patients increased. The purpose of this study was to determine the nursing process of caring for patients in the pre-dialysis, during, and post-dialysis phases for patient safety without complications and infections from hemodialysis. The data were collected by reviewing the medical chart of 1 patient with acute renal failure and 1 patient with end-stage renal failure who received urgent dialysis and from interviewing the patients and their relatives.

The study revealed that:

In case Study 1, a 62 years old female patient with chronic kidney disease for 5 years, refused hemodialysis and was referred from a community hospital. Six hours before being admitted to a General Hospital, the patient had shortness of breath, which lasts for 4-5 days, urination was normal, could not eat for 2 days, was tired, and could not lie down. Hemodialysis was administered three times, there were not any complications. After that, the treatment was continued with continuous peritoneal dialysis. The total duration of hospitalization was 11 days.

In case Study 2, a 75 years old male patient, 3 days before hospitalization had 3 diarrhea/day, nausea and vomiting 5 times/day, and suffered from hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. He received 2 hemodialysis sessions. There were not any complications. Kidney function returned to normal. The total length of hospitalization was 8 days. In both case studies, a patient with chronic kidney disease and a patient with acute renal failure who received hemodialysis had differences in pathology, causes of the disease, and disease progression. Their nursing care plan was different.