Risk Factors for Mortality of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients, Surat Thani province, Thailand
Keywords:
coronavirus disease 2019, mortality, risk factor, multivariate logistic regressionAbstract
Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) an emerging infectious disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been a pandemic since March 2020. The April outbreak during 1 April–31 December, 2021 in Surat Thani Province found 28,809 cumulative confirmed cases, 159 cumulative deaths, representing case fatality rate of 0.55%. This cross-sectional study aimed to 1) describe epidemiology of COVID-19 patients and 2) analyze risk factors for mortality of COVID-19 patients.
Methods: The study samples consisted of 477 cases, were randomly selected from the database of patients diagnosed with COVID-19, aged ≥18 years, which the April outbreak wave occurred in Surat Thani Province during April 1–December 31, 2021.
Results: Research results showed that the majority of the study subjects were female (55.8 %), aged ≥ 60 years (36.7%), unvaccinated COVID-19 (55.4%) and chronic comorbidity (40.7%). Risk factors influencing mortality statistically (P-value < 0.05), by multivariable logistic regression analysis, were aged ≥ 60 years (aOR 36.15, 95% CI 4.44–18.79), chronic comorbidity (aOR 31.70, 95% CI 4.17–19.16) diabetes mellitus (aOR 7.53, 95% CI 1.50–11.51), chronic kidney disease (aOR 4.57, 95% CI 1.23–117.51) and incomplete COVID-19 vaccination (aOR 35.59, 95% CI 12.58–149.84).
Conclusion and Recommendation: This research concluded that older age, chronic comorbidities, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease and incomplete COVID-19 vaccination were important risk factors for death among COVID-19 patients. Therefore, COVID-19 patients with risk factors should receive rapid diagnosis and proper management. Risk groups should be actively speed up vaccination to cover them.
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