Chikungunya outbreak in Khao Kuba public squalor community, Tumbon Pak Phriao, Mueang district, Saraburi province, 1 July-7 November 2019
Keywords:
chikungunya, public squalor, outbreak, parous rate, Aedes aegyptiAbstract
Background: On 25th September 2019, the situation awareness team of Division of Epidemiology was notified of a cluster of chikungunya in Khao Kuba public squalor community, Mueang district, Saraburi province. An investigation was conducted to confirm the outbreak and diagnosis, describe epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak, and provide recommendations for outbreak containment and prevention measures.
Methods: A descriptive study was conducted to investigate the outbreak. We reviewed medical records of the patients and performed active case finding in Khao Kuba community. A suspected case was a person who lived or worked in the community, with fever, joint symptoms (arthralgia, arthritis or joint swelling), and at least one of the following symptoms: headache, retro-orbital pain, myalgia or maculopapular rash during 1st July to 7th November, 2019. A confirmed case was a suspected case that had a positive chikungunya IgM or RT-PCR for chikungunya. We conducted an environmental and entomological study to assess the effectiveness of the control measure.
Results: There were 110 cases in this community (10 confirmed and 100 suspected cases). The overall attack rate was 2.23%. A higher attack rate was observed in females (2.74%) than males (1.69%). The disease affected nearly all age groups. The median age of cases was 36 years old (IQR 18, 51). The most common clinical feature was fever (100%) followed by arthralgia (85%), and headache (85%). East/Central/South/African genotype of chikungunya virus was identified by phylogenetic analysis. The Aedes house index and container index decreased after control measures. The mosquitoes that we caught were Aedes aegypti. The parous rate decreased from 100% to 66.67% after ultra-low volume spraying.
Conclusion: This was a confirmed chikungunya outbreak in this community, Saraburi province during July to November 2019. The number of cases and HI/CI were decreased after implementing control measures. Early detection, strengthening appropriate control measure, and cooperation among the villager, the public health sector, and local administration are the crucial keys to slow down and stop the outbreak.
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