An investigation of chikungunya disease outbreak and community control measures in Chumphon Buri, Surin Province, Thailand, February 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59096/wesr.v55i8.1276Keywords:
Surin Province, control measures, Thailand, ChikungunyaAbstract
Background: On 16 Feb 2023, there was a cluster of chikungunya cases reported in a new area, Krabueang subdistrict. We investigated to confirm the diagnosis and the outbreak occurrence, describe the potential risks of disease transmission, and the disease control operation of the Chumphon Buri district.
Methods: We performed active case finding and reviewed medical records of patients of Chumphon Buri Hospital, and door–to–door visits with villagers of all 10 villages in the Krabueang subdistrict. We defined the suspected case as an individual who lived in the Krabueang subdistrict, Chumphon Buri district, Surin Province, from 1 Jan to 26 Feb 2023 and had a fever and arthralgia with at least one of the following symptoms: joint swelling, headache, ocular pain, myalgia, and rash. A case was confirmed by Real–time PCR or IgM for the chikungunya virus. We interviewed all cases to describe the outbreak characteristics. An environmental and mosquito larva index survey was conducted in all villages to assess the potential risk of disease transmission. To describe the disease control operation, we interviewed 7 selected officers involved in this outbreak control operation.
Results: Three confirmed cases and four suspected cases were identified in only village 8 of the Krabueang subdistrict. The overall attack rate was 5% (7/154). The first case was presumed to get an infection while working in the Nikhom, a neighboring subdistrict, then introduced chikungunya disease into Krabueang. The first case visited the Chumphon Buri Hospital but was not diagnosed as chikungunya. The larva index was high in all other villages in the Krabueang subdistrict. The Chumphon Buri disease control achieved a zero–larva index within 6 days leading to rapid outbreak control.
Conclusion: A chikungunya outbreak was confirmed in village 8, Krabueang Subdistrict. This outbreak possibly imported from the neighboring subdistrict. The high larva index and misdiagnosis of the first case highlight low disease awareness. Opportunities to improve disease control operations include raising disease awareness, conducting regular larval surveys, providing the bin with a lid to villagers, and enhancing information sharing between neighboring subdistricts.
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