Brucellosis outbreak investigation in goat and sheep farms, Suphanburi Province, Thailand, 2016
Keywords:
brucellosis, outbreak, goat, SuphanburiAbstract
Background: Brucellosis in small ruminant is commonly caused by Brucella melitensis. It is an important zoonotic disease in Thailand and caused human infections every year. Brucellosis surveillance and control program in small ruminant had been conducted in Thailand. In 2016, the higher number of Brucella cases in small ruminants were reported in Suphanburi province. This investigation was conducted to describe epidemiological characteristics and identify risk factors of disease occurrence.
Methods: Laboratory result of brucellosis from National Institute of Animal Health in 2016, Thailand was reviewed. If there was at least one animal in farm showed positive result, the farm was considered as an infected farm. Infected farms were visited and interviewed by questionnaire during November 3–11, 2016. All study factors such as history of movement, contact with other animals, clinical signs and history of disease in the farm were collected. Unmatched case-control study was applied to identify factors associated with brucellosis. The case per control of 1:2 was designed. Case farms were all infected farms and control farms were randomly selected from laboratory negative farms.
Results: Thirty-one farms were identified as infected farms from 9 districts in Suphanburi. Seroprevalence of brucellosis in Suphanburi was 16.6% at farm level. There was a highest farm seroprevalence in Sam Chuk district (30.0%) following by Muang (28.6%), Song Phi Nong (24.4%), Nong Ya Sai (23.5%), Don Chedi (23.1%) and U thong (17.4%). Univariate analysis showed an only significant risk factor associated with brucellosis infection was farm that had ever been tested positive to brucellosis (OR 4.67, 95% CI 1.08-20.22). Animal quarantine after introduction into the herd was a protective factor of brucellosis (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.11-0.95). No clinical symptoms in 230 farm workers were observed.
Conclusion: Improper management in infected farm was an important factor contributed to brucellosis occurrence in Suphanburi province. Disease control measures of infected farm should be improved.
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