Morbidity and mortality of pneumonia patients in Chaiyaphum Province, Thailand during 2013–2017
Keywords:
pneumonia, morbidity, mortality, Chaiyaphum, ThailandAbstract
Background: In Chaiyaphum, pneumonia was the highest cause of death from 2015–2017, and pneumonia cases increased from 2013–2017. This study describes the epidemiological characteristics of pneumonia cases during 2013–2017 and identifies risk factors associated with pneumonia-related fatalities in Chaiyaphum.
Method: A cross–sectional study was conducted by extracting data of patients diagnosed with pneumonia-related ICD-10 from National Medical Health service records (43 files) and the National Communicable Disease Surveillance Report 506 form (R506) database from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2017. We described pneumonia's morbidity and mortality situation in Chaiyaphum and identified risk factors associated with fatality using Odds Ratio.
Results: According to the research, 33,576 pneumonia patients were reported in the 43 files database and 20,349 patients in the R506 database during 2013–2017. There was an increasing trend of morbidity per 100,000 population, the highest peak occurring from August to October of every year. Increased morbidity and mortality rate was found in the male. A high morbidity rate was found in those under five years old and more than 65 years old, which the last group also found a high mortality rate. However, the trend of morbidity in aged 5–14 years old increased every year. Associated risk factors for facilities were age more than 65 years (Adjusted OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.45–2.27) and having a history of referral (Adjusted OR 4.28, 95% CI 3.40–5.38). The protective factor was a history of pneumonia infection (Adjusted OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.21–0.37).
Discussion and conclusion: The study results showed an increasing trend of pneumonia, a seasonal peak, increasing morbidity in aged 5–14 years old, and a high mortality rate in the old age group. Personal hygiene promotion in school-aged children and influenza vaccination to people older than 65 before the rainy season are recommended.
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