Factors Associated with Self-Care Behaviors in Hypertension Patients at Primary Care Cluster, Trang Hospital, Trang Province.

Abstract

     This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study design. The objectives are to health belief model (HBM) and self-care behaviors, and to study the associated between HBM and self-care behaviors in hypertension patients at primary care cluster, Trang hospital, Trang province. There are the sample was 270 samples, selected by simple random sampling from the patient list. The instrument was a questionnaire with a reliability value at 0.88. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient.
     The research results found that most of the samples were female, aged 61-70 years, had          a primary school education, were employed in agriculture, and had a family income about 20,000 – 29,999 Baht month. Most participants were married or living in with a partner and had hypertension about 3-8 years. HBM had at a high level in the entire samples (100.00%). When consider subdomain of individual HBM, it was found that the majority of participants had high levels of perceived susceptibility (98.15%), perceived severity (92.95%), perceived barriers (94.81%), and self-efficacy (95.93%). Perceived benefits and cues to action were at a high level for all samples (100.00%). Also, they had high levels of self-care behaviors (97.00%). Moreover, the results revealed a statistically significant of the positive association between HBM and self-care behaviors at p<0.05. For subdomain of HBM, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy had positive association with self-care behaviors (r = 0.120, 0.182, 0.155, 0.160, and 0.181, respectively). However, no significant association was found between cues to action and self-care behaviors.

The findings of this research can apply for the policies or guidelines to enhance the effectiveness of selft-care behaviors intervention for patients with hypertension.