Road traffic investigation of the bus running off road and crashing into a tree, Non Sung district, Nakhon Ratchasima province, 29 March 2019
Keywords:
Road traffic injury, Bus, Nakhon Ratchasima, ThailandAbstract
Background: Nakhon Ratchasima is the second rank of highest number of road traffic injuries deaths in Thailand, 2019. On 28 March 2019, Situation Awareness Team received a notification that there was a bus running off Number 2 (Mittraparb) Road and crashed into a tree. There were 2 deaths and 29 injured victims. Aimed to describe characteristics of the injury, to identify the cause and associated factors, to describe the post-crash response and to provide recommendations to prevent the crashes and accidents on this road in the future
Method: We reviewed situation of accidents on Number 2 Road (km 168-169), interviewed the witnesses and reviewed medical records to describe the characteristic of injury. We surveyed the scene and used the Haddon Matrix Model to find cause and associated factors. We interviewed nurses and rescuers to describe the post-crash response. The probability of survival (PS) score was compared with the final treatment outcome.
Results: On 27 March 2019, there was light raining and there were 3 accidents occurred on Number 2 Road (km 168-169). The bus accident crashed into tree was the third event which was far from the second event about 120 metres. The bus was found overturned to right side with mirror in this side broken. The accident caused 3 deaths (2 black sat in the first row behind the driver and 1 red sat in the same row but in the other side) and 37 injured victims. The red victim had closed pelvic fracture with PS 92% but finally dead at the hospital. The associated factors of the accident were slippery road, no street light, trees beside the road, no guard rails beside the road and worn wheels. The associated factors of the injury were no seat belt using and delayed rescue (30 minutes to the scene)/referring (1 hour from the scene to the hospital) due to heavy traffic from an earlier accident.
Conclusion: We recommended regular bus check-up before the journey, raising awareness to use seat belt, promoting access to ambulance hotline, managing the traffic when accident occurred and constructing the appropriate road side.
References
World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2018 [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2019 May 17 ]. Available from: https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2018/en/
ThaiRSC. Distribution of median events between 2014 and 2018 by provinces [Internet]. [cited 2019 May 1 9 ] . Available from: http://trso.thairoads.org/statistic/watch/detail/129
ThaiRSC. Number of accidental death and injured cases [Internet]. [cited 2019 May 19]. Available from: http://rvpreport.rvpeservice.com/viewrsc.aspx?report=0486&session=16
Barnett DJ, Balicer RD, Blodgett D, Fews AL, Parker CL, Links JM. The Application of the Haddon Matrix to Public Health Readiness and Response Planning. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2005;113(5):561–6.
Runyan CW. Using the Haddon matrix: introducing the third dimension. Injury Prevention. 1 9 9 8 ;4 ( 4 ) : 302–7.
Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) - Overview [Internet]. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. 2019 [cited 2019 May 19]. Available from: https://www.aaam.org/abbreviated-injury-scale-ais/7.AIS2005/200
Update Dictionary-Clarification Document [Internet]. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. 2019 [cited 2019 May 19]. Available from: https://www.aaam.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/ClarificationDocument.Oct_.10.201
rev_.pdf 8. Revell M, Pynsent P, Abudu A, Fairbank J. Trauma score and trauma outcome measures. J Trauma. 2003; 5(1): 67-70.
ทีมพัฒนาระบบเฝ้าระวังการบาดเจ็บ กระทรวงสาธารณสุข. คู่มือการใช้แบบบันทึกข้อมูลเฝ้าระวังการบาดเจ็บแห่งชาติ (ฉบับปรับปรุง พ.ศ. 2560) [อินเตอร์เน็ต]. กรกฎาคม 2560 [เข้าถึงเมื่อ 1 ม.ค. 2563]. เข้าถึงได้จาก http://thaincd.com/document/file/download/paper-manual/คู่มือการใช้แบบบันทึกข้อมูลเฝ้าระวังการบาดเจ็บแห่งชาติ.pdf
Mondal P. Are road accidents affected by rainfall? A case study from a large Indian metropolitan city. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology. 2011;1(2):16–26.
Lawson WD, Leaverton M, Senadheera S, Maintenance Solutions for Bleeding and Flushed Pavements Surfaced with a Seal Coat or Surface Treatment. Texas Department of Transportation; 2007. P35-44.
Bullas JC. Tyres, road surfaces and reducing accidents: a review [Internet]. Tyres, road surfaces and reducing accidents: a review. Foundation of Road Safety Research; [cited 2019 May 20]. Available from: https://roadsafetyfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/aa_foundation_fdn34.pdf
Ratanavaraha V, Suangka S. Impacts of accident severity factors and loss values of crashes on expressways in Thailand. IATSS Research. 2 0 1 4 ; 37(2):130–6.
Islam MB, Kanitpong K. Identification of factors in road accidents through in-depth accident analysis. IATSS Research. 2008;32(2):58–67.
กรมการขนส่งทางบก. บทกำหนดโทษการกระทำความผิด เกี่ยวกับการใช้ GPS Tracking [อินเตอร์เน็ต]. กรมการขนส่ง ทางบก. 2561. [เข้าถึงเมื่อ 1 ม.ค. 2563]. เข้าถึงได้จาก http://www.dtc.co.th/ความรู้โลจิสติกส์/บทกำหนดโทษการกระทำความผิด-เกี่ยวกับการใช้-gps-tracking
กรมการขนส่งทางบก. การดำเนินการของกรมการขนส่งทาง บก กรณีกระทำผิดเงื่อนไขที่ได้จากระบบ GPS [อินเตอร์เน็ต]. กรมการขนส่งทางบก. 2560. [เข้าถึงเมื่อ 1 ม.ค. 2563]. เข้าถึงได้จาก http://www.dtc.co.th/ความรู้โลจิสติกส์/การดำเนินการกรมการขนส่งทางบกกระทำผิดเงื่อนไขที่ได้จาก ระบบ-gps/
กรมการขนส่งทางบก. ข่าวกรมการขนส่งทางบก ข่าวที่ 157/ วันที่ 11 เมษายน 2560 [อินเตอร์เน็ต]. กรมการขนส่งทางบก. 2560. [เข้าถึงเมื่อ 1 ม.ค. 2563]. เข้าถึงได้จาก https://www.dlt.go.th/th/download.php?ref=M2E0LJyirTkjoz13q29ZMT1sM2I0oTycrTMjpJ1Sq2IZoT1vM2S0qTysrPMjBJ05qmuZAT1kM0I0MTycrS8oSo3Q
Policy Impact: Seat Belts [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2011 [cited 2020 Jan 1]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/motorvehiclesafety/seatbeltbrief/index.html
Risk factors for road traffic injuries [Internet]. ROAD TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION: TRAINING MANUAL. WHO; [cited 2019 May 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_traffic/activities/roadsafety_training_manual_unit_2.pdf
Chang W-H, Guo H-R, Lin H-J, Chang Y-H. Association between major injuries and seat locations in a motorcoach rollover accident. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 2006;38(5):949–53.
Khorasani-Zavareh D, Khankeh H, Mohammadi R, Laflamme L, Bikmoradi A, Haglund B. Post-crash Management of road traffic injury victims in Iran. Stakeholders views on current barriers and potential facilitators. Injury Prevention. 2012;18(Suppl 1).
วีรศักดิ์ พงษ์พุทธา. การคัดแยกและจ่ายงานบริบาลผู้ป่วย ฉุ กเฉินตามเกณฑ์ที่ กพฉ. กําหนด 2556 Emergency Medical Triage Protocol and Criteria Based Dispatch (CBD) [อินเตอร์เน็ต]. [เข้าถึงเมื่อ 1 ม.ค. 2563]. เข้าถึงได้จาก https://tcep.or.th/sites/default/files/dispatch_final_pdf
สถาบันการแพทย์ฉุกเฉินแห่งชาติ. คู่มือแนวทางการปฏิบัติตาม หลักเกณฑ์ เกณฑ์ และวิธีปฏิบัติการคัดแยกผู้ป่วยฉุกเฉินและ จัดลำดับการบริบาล ณ ห้องฉุกเฉินตามหลักเกณฑ์ที่ กพฉ. กำหนด. สถาบันการแพทย์ฉุกเฉินแห่งชาติ; 2556. เข้าถึงได้ จาก https://www.niems.go.th/1/upload/migrate/file /255609301415116117_ETGSsAcX8Jpn1XPQ.pdf
Alvarez BD, Razente DM, Lacerda DAM, Lother NS, Von-Bahten LC, Stahlschmidt CMM. Analysis of the Revised Trauma Score (RTS) in 200 victims of different trauma mechanisms. Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões. 2016;43(5):334–40.
Tianwibool P. Time Sensitive Disease [Internet]. Department of Emergency medicine, Chiang Mai University; [cited 2 0 1 9 May 20]. Available from: https://tcep.or.th/sites/default/files/time_sensitive_disease.pdf
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Weekly Epidemiological Surveillance Report
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Responsibility and Copyright
1. Author Responsibility and Editorial Disagreement
The content and data in all articles published in WESR are the direct opinions and responsibility of the article authors, and the Journal's Editorial Board is not necessarily in agreement with, or jointly responsible for, them.
2. Copyright and Referencing
All articles, data, content, figures, etc., published in WESR are considered the copyright of the academic journal. If any individual or entity wishes to disseminate all or any part of the published material, appropriate citation of the article is required.
