Factors associated with HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among transgender in Thailand, 2018
Keywords:
transgender, HIV prevalence, risk behaviors surveillanceAbstract
Background: The previous study was shown drugs used before sexuality and known HIV result and age over 24 years were association with HIV positive in year 2014. Therefore, this study aims to monitoring epidemic trends of HIV prevalence and associated risk behaviors, investigates the relationship between individual factors and HIV positive result.
Methods: The study design was serial cross-sectional survey conducted in 4 Provinces such as Bangkok, Chonburi, Chiangmai and Phuket. Sampling technique, same dynamic population database update, mapping place of TG meeting area. The target populations were counted on sites of mapping and population estimation. Tablet Assisted Self–Interview was instrument for self-complete questionnaires, oral fluid sample were collected for HIVantibody testing. Univariate and Multivariate Logistic Regression was used to determine association between characteristics of TG participants and HIV positive result, that provided OR, AOR and 95%CI.
Results: Total 600 TGs were illegible for inclusion in analyses, mean age of participants was 26.97 years, 68.17% reported single status. The highest HIV prevalence was 17.33% in Bangkok. 83.01% of TG reported always having safe sex as defined by always wearing condoms during anal-sex, highest percentage found in Chonburi. HIV positive results were associated with using internet for having sex with male sex worker OR 1.88 (95%CI 1.00–3.55). Multivariate analysis showed with knowing HIV result before participation in study AOR 12.67 (95%CI 2.30–69.75) and using the internet to finding male sex worker for having sex AOR 2.01 (95%CI 1.05-3.85), None Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) AOR 5.22 (95%CI 0.43–62.69) and having STI symptom in 1 month AOR 1.87 (95%CI 0.63–5.59), associated with HIV positive results.
Discussions and Conclusions: The result show high prevalence rate of HIV infected in transgender. There is a low percentage in condom use. Using the internet to find a partner can affect HIV infection. TG Juvenile groups age under 25 have the similar HIV infection as those older. PrEP is association with the reduction of HIV infected but condom campaigns are still be needed, the combination of both have effective to prevention HIV infected and sexually transmitted diseases which are important programs in Thailand.
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