Investigation of New Year’s Road Traffic Deaths, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand, 2013
Keywords:
Road traffic injury, Nakhon Ratchasima, New Year, death investigationAbstract
Background: In Thailand, Road traffic injury (RTI) resulted in 13,000 deaths each year. During 7 days of New Year’s celebration, the traffic was significantly increasing and caused nearly double in number of road traffic deaths per day. Nakhon Ratchasima was a large and populous province, acted as the gateway to the Northeast. Moreover, it was the third in 2013 New Year’s road traffic death ranking. The study was conducted to describe the New Year’s road traffic injuries reporting systems, epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of road traffic deaths during the 2013 New Year’s Celebration in Nakhon Ratchasima.
Methods: New Year’s road traffic injuries reporting systems were explored by reviewing files and interviewing involved officers. Case investigations of road traffic deaths were done on a person who died (within 30 days after a crash) from road accident, which occurred in Nakhon Ratchasima province during 27 December 2012 - 2 January 2013. Epidemiological data, cause of deaths and risk factors were obtained from interviewing relatives, witnesses, polices and/or ER nurses.
Results: There were 2 main reporting systems: Road Safety Directing Center (RSDC) and National Institute for Emergency Medicine (NIEMS) that had the differences in case definitions. According to 30 days definition, NIEMS could report the number of deaths more than RSDC and had 53% of coverage. The majority of 30 New Year’s road traffic deaths were young adult males aged between 15 - 44 years (60%) and locals (67%). The important risks were motorcyclist (70%), non - helmet (81%) and alcohol drinking (53%, mostly aged 30 - 44 years). Sixty percent of deaths (18/30) occurred on highways (speed as a cause, 9/18) and 2 - lane road (47%).
Conclusion: The lack of updating data after 30 - day of crash led to incorrectly low reported number especially in the NIEMS system. Nakhon Ratchasima officers should focus on speed control on the highways in the beginning and ending of 7 - day campaign and on alcohol drinking on village roads during mid - campaign.
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