The changing epidemiology of Dengue Death from 2012 and 2016

Abstract

Background: Dengue haemorrhagic fever is a public health problem in Thailand, especially Dengue deaths are also higher. The objective of this study was to know the change and understand the epidemiological characteristics of dengue death from 2012 and 2016.
Method: To collect data of disease surveillance reports (R 506) and investigation reports of dengue hemorrhagic fever from 2012 and 2016.
Results: In 2012, there were 79,593 dengue cases (123.85/100,000 pop.) and 88 deaths (0.13 /100,000 pop.). The case fatality rate was 0.11%. In 2016, there were 64,867 dengue cases (98.54/100,000 pop.) and 68 deaths (0.10 /100,000 pop.). The case fatality rate was 0.10%. Female had higher mortality rate and morbidity rate than males for both years and case fatality rate increased in 2016. The cases under 15 years old age had high mortality rate and case fatality rates for both years. Southern region had highest mortality and case fatality rate both years. Investigation reports of dengue hemorrhagic fever from 2012 and 2016 were received 45 reports (51.14%) in 2012 and 49 reports (71.01%) in 2016. The median duration of onset to first treatment (3 days), onset to first date of diagnosis or R/O with DHF (5 days), first treatment to date of diagnosis or R/O with DHF (2 days) were similar both years. The median duration of onset to the first CBC was 5 days in 2012 vs 4 days in 2016. The median duration of treatment to the first CBC was 2 days in 2012 vs 1 days in 2016. The median duration of onset to death was statistically significant differences (9 days in 2012 vs 7 days in 2016, P-value = 0.02).
Conclusion: In 2016, the results show that female, cases under 15 years old age and Southern region had high mortality rate and case fatality rates. The median duration of onset to death was statistically significant differences. Ministry of Public Health need to strengthen prevention and control measures and medical service of dengue haemorrhaegic fever to reduce morbidity, mortality and case fatality rate.